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India achieves a world leading clinker factor by blending cement with waste from coal power and steel. As those sectors decarbonise, the supply of fly ash and slag will plummet. Discover why calcined clay (LC3) and performance based standards are the vital next steps for the industry’s Net Zero survival.
The Coming Fly Ash and Slag Shortage: Why Calcined Clay is the Future of Indian Cement Read More »
Carbon Capture is projected to deliver over a third of the cement sector’s total decarbonisation by 2070. Breaking down the numbers behind the proposed National CCUS Mission reveals both the massive emission reduction potential and the steep capital hurdles of point source carbon capture pilots.
The 1100 Crore Bet: Decoding the Economics of CCUS Pilots in Indian Cement Read More »
Process emissions from the chemical breakdown of limestone account for nearly 60 percent of a cement plant’s carbon footprint. As India rolls out its Carbon Credit Trading Scheme, understanding how regulatory baselines accommodate this unavoidable calcination penalty is critical for the sector’s long term survival and the eventual necessity of carbon capture.
The Calcination Penalty: How India’s CCTS Treats Unavoidable Process Emissions in Cement Read More »
India’s cement sector operates at a highly efficient baseline, boasting a world leading clinker factor and widespread adoption of modern dry process kilns. With the easiest efficiency gains already achieved, reaching the 2070 Net Zero target demands a structural shift to tackle hard to abate process emissions. The path forward requires scaling Refuse Derived Fuel, transitioning to performance based standards, indigenising new technologies, and ultimately deploying Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage.
CCTS Phase 1 (FY2025–27) was calibrated to be achievable establishing MRV infrastructure and market mechanics without significant financial pain. Phase 2, expected from FY2027–28, will align with India’s 2035 NDC intensity trajectory, and for each of the nine covered sectors the compliance cost step-change will be material. Phase 1 was the handshake. Phase 2 is the contract. Companies that have not begun capital allocation for abatement by FY2026 will face the next gazette notification already behind.
The CBAM transitional period ended on 31 December 2025. For eight quarters, EU importers of Indian steel, aluminium, and fertilisers submitted quarterly reports using embedded emission data — or the EU’s default values where actual data was unavailable. Analysis of the reporting patterns shows that the majority of EU importers of Indian material used default values, which in most cases significantly overstated the actual emission intensity of Indian production and therefore overstated the CBAM liability. In the definitive period from January 2026, default values are not available for most categories, making the switch to actual verified data not optional.
BRSR Core became mandatory for India’s top 150 listed companies by market cap from FY2023-24 and for the top 1,000 from FY2024-25. It requires reasonable assurance on nine Key Performance Indicators including verified Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions, energy intensity, water intensity, and selected Scope 3 emissions. For industrial companies also under CCTS, the two frameworks produce essentially the same GHG data — but with different verification standards and different penalties for non-compliance. This article maps the overlap, the divergences, and the dual-framework compliance strategy.
India imports approximately 80 million tonnes of coking coal per year — 100% of its metallurgical coal requirement — from Australia, the USA, Canada, and Mozambique. The West Asia War added 30–40% freight premium to delivered coking coal costs as shipping rerouted from Suez/Red Sea to the Cape of Good Hope. At Rs 20,000/t delivered coking coal, this feedstock alone represents approximately Rs 56,000 per tonne of BF-BOF steel produced. DRI-EAF with natural gas eliminates this entirely — replacing coking coal with a fuel that has alternatives, domestic production potential, and no Suez exposure.
